"Women’s Rights in Turkey: What Is and What Ought to Be" by Doruk Ünsal
A country with incompetent judiciary is more chaotic than a country without a constitution. Following this opinion, the purpose of this essay is to emphasize on the imbalance between the rights granted to women by Turkish law and how free and equal women really are in modern Turkish society and politics. This imbalance will be broken down to three major components sprouting from Turkish laws, culture and society; which are lack of education, insufficient penalties against hate crimes against women, and the lack of representation of women in Turkish society and politics.
According to UN Women, Turkey is one of the 143 countries whose constitutions grant both genders equal rights. Yet, it’s apparent that gender inequality isn’t completely eliminated in Turkey, similar to other countries that legally support gender equality. Hence, lack of women’s rights is an issue that laws can prevent only to an extent.
Turkish history textbooks spare pages to praise Turkey as the first Muslim country to legally support women’s rights. While that is true (Kabasakal, 2011: 204) and said rights are still given (GNAT, 2019: 19), recent statistics show that Turkish judiciary is inadequate to give a complete halt to gender inequality. As reported by the Turkish National Police Academy, 932 women have been murdered from 2016 to 2018, mostly by men. (Taştan, Yıldız, 2019: 2) Let us not forget that continuous domestic violence and lack of marital education are two of the numerous factors which lead to femicides. This is why education, especially education in the family and beginning from childhood, is crucial for a society to see both genders as equal. Education begins at home; therefore, parents ought to raise their children as member of society who see both genders equally and aren’t afraid to stand up against inequality.
Another way of shaping our point of view is to encourage, empower and support women who are capable of making changes and becoming public figures. This includes supporting them financially, motivating them and giving them safe platforms to speak where their voices will be heard. An accurate example would be to encourage representation of women in politics through participation in parliaments, such as the Grand National Assembly of Turkey, which women make up less than a fifth of. (TBMM) This raises the question of how correct it would be for deputies, only seventeen percent of which is women, to vote on topics related to women’s rights. Since the purpose of representative democracy is to construct parliaments whose purpose is to replace most referendums, a parliament should be a miniature representation of the people. However, only a fifth of the parliament represents a half of the total population in the Turkey. (TurkStat) Simply put, representation of women, both socially and politically, should be encouraged by women’s rights platforms and spread to mainstream media.
In conclusion, we should acknowledge that laws cannot affect culture and social norms, it’s something we are left to do by spreading the idea of gender equality, starting from rural regions. Shaping our culture to see men and women on equal grounds would affect social norms and gender roles drastically, breaking the social and cultural chains that
have held women for centuries, and opening the gates to raising a new generation of confident and independent women in modern Turkish society.